ROMAN NUMERALS

Basic Principles

When a small number comes before a larger number, the smaller number is subtracted. .

e.g. 4 = IV (i.e. 5 - 1)

When a smaller number follows a larger one, the two are added together.

e.g. 6 = VI (i.e. 5 + 1)]

When a letter is repeated is repeats its value -

e.g. XX = 10 + 10 XXX = 10 + 10 + 10

The letters V, L and D are never repeated as X, C and M serve that purpose.

e.g. 10 = X not VV 100 = C not LL 1000 = M not DD

A dash line over a numeral multiplies its value by 1000 -

__
e.g. X = 10,000

I	1
II	2
III	3
IV	4
V	5
VI	6
VII	7
VIII	8
IX	9
X	10
XI	11
XII	12
XIII	13
XIV	14
XV	15
XVI	16
XVII	17
XVIII	18
XIX	19
XX	20
XXX	30
XL	40
L	50
LX	60
LXX	70
LXXX	80
XC	90
C	100
CC	200
CD	400
D	500
DC	600
DCC	700
DCCC	800
CM	900
M	1000
MM	2000
MMI	2001
V	5,000
X	10,000
L	50,000
C	100,000
D	500,000
M	1,000,000

A bar across the top of the letter increases the number 1,000 times.

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